Toyota Camry

1992-1997 of release

Repair and operation of the car

Kamri's Toyota
+ General data
+ 1. Maintenance
+ 2. Engine
+ 3. Six-cylinder V6 engines
+ 4. Capital repairs of engines
+ 5. Cooling and heating
+ 6. Fuel system
+ 7. System of ignition
+ 8. Toxicity decrease
+ 9. Transmission
+ 10. Automatic transmission
+ 11. Coupling and power shafts
+ 12. Brake system
+ 13. Suspension bracket
+ 14. Body
- 15. Electric equipment
   15.2. General information
   15.3. Electric chains
   - 15.4. Detection of not closed chain
      15.4.2. Detection of a rupture of a chain
      15.4.3. Detection of a source of short circuit
      15.4.4. Detection of bad grounding
   15.5. Safety locks
   15.6. Relay
   + 15.7. Multipurpose switches of a steering column
   + 15.8. Ignition lock
   15.9. Switch of a heater of back glass
   15.10. Check of a heater of back glass
   15.11. Radio receiver
   15.12. Loudspeakers
   15.13. Antenna
   15.14. Replacement of bulbs of headlights
   15.15. Adjustment of light of headlights
   15.16. Headlight
   + 15.17. Replacement of bulbs of an incandescence
   + 15.18. Screen wiper engine
   15.19. Combination of devices
   15.20. Sound signal
   15.21. System cruise control
   15.22. Window regulators with the electric drive
   15.23. System of the central blocking of locks
   15.24. Rear-view mirrors with the electric drive
   15.25. Safety airbag
   + 15.26. Schemes of electric equipment

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15.4. Detection of not closed chain

15.4.1. General description

GENERAL INFORMATION

The usual electric chain consists of an electric element, switches, the relay, engines, safety locks, automatic switches, wires and sockets which connect an electric element to the accumulator and a body. For the help by search of sources of malfunction of system of electric equipment, at the end of the management schemes of electric equipment of the car are provided.

Before to try to define a malfunction source, in the beginning study the corresponding scheme of electric equipment for receiving idea of the elements established in this chain. The circle of possible sources of malfunction can be narrowed if to check functioning of other elements entering this chain. If some elements or chains vykholit out of operation at the same time, the problem, obviously, consists in a safety lock, the general for these chains or elements, or contact with a body.

Electric problems are usually caused by the simple reasons, such as the weakened or rusted sockets, lack of contact with a body, the fused safety locks, the melted burned-through crossing point or the faulty relay. Visually check a condition of all safety locks, wires and sockets in the failed chain before to start check of other elements. Use schemes of electric equipment for definition of what of trailer clips need to be checked for detection of a source of malfunction.

The main tools necessary for detection of a source of malfunction, the tester or the voltmeter are (a bulb on 12 volts and couple of wires with probes on the ends, can be also used for carrying out some checks); ohmmeter; the battery and a set of wires with probes, a cap puncture, it is desirable with the automatic switch or a safety lock which is used for round of the checked wires or elements.

For detection of the reason of unreliable work any of elements (usually because of bad connection or pollution of contacts, or the damaged isolation), it is possible to carry out an inspection stirring of wires. It is necessary to shake a wire by a hand to check, whether there is no malfunction at the movement of a wire. By such method it is possible to narrow a circle of possible sources of malfunction to any wire.

Along with problems because of bad connection of wires, two main types of malfunctions can take place in system of electric equipment – the opened chain or short circuit.

Problems with the opened chain appear as a result of break in an electric equipment chain that interrupts course of current. The opened chain will cause shutdown of an element of electric equipment.

Problems with short circuit are caused by short circuit of a site of a chain that leads to leakage of current from other chain, usually directly on a body. Short circuit is usually caused by a rupture of isolation of wires that allows a wire to concern other wire or any grounded element, for example a body. Short circuit usually leads to burn-out of the corresponding safety lock.